The Civil Rights Data Collection (CRDC) collects a variety of information including student enrollment and educational programs and services, most of which is disaggregated by race/ethnicity, sex, limited English proficiency, and disability. The CRDC is a longstanding and important aspect of the Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights (OCR) overall strategy for administering and enforcing the civil rights statutes for which it is responsible. Information collected by the CRDC is also used by other Department of Education offices as well as policymakers and researchers outside of the Department of Education. This data snapshot highlights statistical information pertaining to the following aspects of school discipline, restraint, & seclusion. They include: (1) Suspension of preschool children, by race/ethnicity and gender; (2) Disproportionately high suspension/expulsion rates for students of color; (3) Disproportionate suspensions of girls of color; (4) Suspension of students with disabilities and English learners; (5) Suspension rates, by race, sex, and disability status combined; (6) Arrests and referrals to law enforcement, by race and disability status; and (7) Restraint and seclusion, by disability status and race. This snapshot reveals that students of certain racial or ethnic groups and students with disabilities are disciplined at far higher rates than their peers, beginning in preschool. The CRDC data also show that an increasing number of students are losing important instructional time due to exclusionary discipline.

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